Mathematical model is an important technical foundation for aircraft engine performance simulation and control system design. According to the needs of civil turbofan engine modeling, take high bypass ratio turbofan engine as the research object, the structural features and component modeling methods of engine main components related to the whole engine modeling were analyzed. Combing foreign experience with theoretical analysis, the big fan component characteristic decomposing methods, structure and modeling methods of engine air bleed system, compressor stability control system,turbine blade tip clearance control system and thrust reverser device were investigated in detail. The research results can provide technical support for civil turbofan modeling.