Drawing inspiration from the morphological characteristics of the creatures in nature, imitating and learning from the excellent aerodynamic shape to obtain better flight performance is the basic idea of the design of morphological bionic aircraft. This paper introduces the development background of morphological bionic aircraft, and analyzes two research process of morphological bionic aircraft "top-down" and "bottom-up"; According to the categories of bird-like aircraft, fish-like aircraft and other bionic aircraft, the current development status is introduced respectively. The key technologies such as the extraction method of shape features, the method of solving problems in aircraft design process referring to the excellent biological characteristics, identification of aerodynamic parameters of bionic aircraft and other key technologies, and the inspection method of morphological bionic result are explored, and the future development trend of the morphological bionic aircraft is summarized. The content of this article has certain reference significance for the design of morphological bionic aircraft. The content of this article has certain reference significance for the design of morphological bionic aircraft.