With the performance improvement of aero-engine combustor, it becomes more and more important to cool the flame tube of combustor. The combustor with floating-wall can effectively reduce the wall heat stress and improve the force situation. The development process of flame tube cooling structure which including film cooling, multi-slant-hole cooling and laminates cooling were introduced, and their advantages and disadvantages were described. Then, the advanced technical characters of floating-wall such as development situation and key components are analyzed, the cooling type of impingement/effusion which based on floating-wall structure has a higher efficiency, it’s the type that been most widely used in advanced aero-engine combustor with floating-wall structure nowadays. Finally, the key technologies which include materials, manufacturing processes and characteristics of the cooling structure of floating-wall have been elaborated. The structure of floating-wall has a superior performance and broad prospect, so, the efficient cooling type is being widely used in the developing and pre-researching structure of aero-engine combustor.