In this paper, a mosaic finite element model of C/C woven composite open-hole is established, and the progressive damage analysis under tensile and compressive loads is performed. In the finite element modeling, a mesoscopic finite element model was established based on the mesostructure of the material in the perforated area of the open-hole plate, and the rest was equivalent to a uniform model. The failure criterion based on meso-mechanics was used to predict the ultimate load and strength of open-hole plates under tensile and compressive loads, and the damage process was studied. Based on the simulation, the damage initiation occurred in many areas of the warp yarn due to the stress concentration in the contact area between the binder and the warp yarn. And the damage area of the open-hole plate exhibits an ‘X’ shape expansion both under tensile and compressive loads.