At present, the application of semi-active control technology on landing gear is mostly limited to single landing gear or magnetorheological landing gear. The research on the whole aircraft is more valuable for the practical application of semi-active control. In this paper, LMS Virtual.lab Motion multi-body dynamics software is used to establish a virtual model of the aircraft. Taking the single-chamber oil and gas buffer as the research object, the mechanical models of passive control and semi-active control are analyzed, and the oil and gas buffer is built in AMESim. Based on the fuzzy control theory and variable damping throttle semi-active control principle, a fuzzy controller is designed in MATLAB/Simulink, and the controller model is integrated into AMESim to realize real-time control of the orifice. Finally, through the 3D-1D co-simulation of mechanical, hydraulic and control, the simulation results of the aircraft under passive control and semi-active control are analyzed. The semi-active control of fuzzy PID responds quickly, and the peak vertical load of the buffer struts is reduced by 20.5% and 13.1% respectively, and the buffering efficiency is also higher than that of passive control; at the same time, the peak vertical acceleration of the fuselage is reduced by 23.2%, and the vibration is stabilized faster, which improves the Ride comfort.